Introduction
When it comes to physics, torque
is one of the most important concepts to understand. In simple terms, torque is
a measure of rotational force. It's what helps us to apply turning force to an
object, and is essential for things like opening jars or turning screws.
But how is torque produced? And
what factors influence it? In this post, we'll take a closer look at torque and
explore how it's produced by couples and the center of mass. We'll also discuss
some of the factors that can affect torque production, and see how it's applied
in real-world situations.
So if you're curious about torque
and want to learn more, read on!
What
Is Torque?
Torque is a measure of the force
that can cause an object to rotate about an axis.
The torque is the vector product
of the force and the moment arm.
T = force x displacement
The moment arm is the
perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation to the line of action of the
force.
If force is applied on object the
amount of turn is produced, this amount of turn is termed as angular
displacement.
The perpendicular or vertical component of vector is responsible for turning.
Torque is rotational equivalent of
force and denoted by tau.
Mathematically:
What
Is a Couple?
A couple is two equal and opposite
parallel forces acting on body.
In couple two forces act one
clockwise and other is the anti clockwise.
Line
of action of force is different in couple.
The performance of torque is
improved by using couple.
Couple creates a rotational force
that is helpful to perform various tasks like tightening a bolt, holding a drill
bit, etc.
The concept of couple is also used
in mechanics to calculate the static equilibrium conditions of an object.
A couple is formed when two equal
and opposite forces are applied to an object at different points. These forces
cause the object to rotate about an axis, but they don't cause the object to
move in a linear direction. The magnitude of the couple is equal to the product
of the magnitude of one of the forces and the distance between the points where
the two forces are applied.
The resultant torque= rF
sin(theta), where r is the perpendicular distance between the line of action of
F1 and F2, and theta is the angle between lines of action of F1 and F2.
How
to Calculate the Torque Produced by a Couple?
A couple is two equal and opposite
forces that are parallel to each other but do not share a line of action. The
torque of a couple is calculated by multiplying force of one side and force arm
(Distance from force one to force two) The
torque produced by a couple is given by the following expression:
where d is the distance between
the two forces.
Thus, to calculate the torque produced
by a couple, you need to know the magnitude of the force, F, and the distance,
d, between the two forces.
What
Is the Centre
of Mass?
The center of mass is the point
along a straight line where the mass of an object is equally distributed on
either side. In other words, it's the point at which the object's weight is
evenly balanced.
To find the center of mass of an
object, you'll need to know its mass and its density. Once you have those two
pieces of information, you can use a simple formula to calculate the center of
mass.
The center of mass is important
concept in physics because it helps us understand how objects move and rotate.
It's also useful in engineering and mechanics, as it can be used to calculate
the forces needed to move or rotate an object.
The
formula for center of mass is:
Conclusion
The moment arm is the perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation to the line of action of the force. A couple is formed when two equal and opposite forces are applied to an object at different points. The magnitude of the couple is equal to the product of the magnitude of one of the forces and the distance between the points where the two forces are applied. Thus, to calculate the torque produced by a couple, you need to know the magnitude of the force, F, and the distance, d, between the two forces. The center of mass is the point along a straight line where the mass of an object is equally distributed on either side. It's also useful in engineering and mechanics, as it can be used to calculate the forces needed to move or rotate an object.
 | Couple | Center of mass | Notes | Physics Class 11){kind=link}